Although compositional evolutionary trends leading to granite and rhyolite are congruent, it is not clear if rhyolites are formed by the extraction of melt from shallow crystal mushes that otherwise solidify to form granite plutons, or are derived from a greater depth in parallel with granite plutons, or are formed by processes separate from those which form granite plutons.
Beneath volcanoes are magmas that never erupt but that become frozen into feldspar- and quartz-rich rocks broadly called granite. Where the crystallized magmas form bodies with distinctive textures, they are grouped into named units—plutons.
The rate pace at which magmas accumulate into plutons is fundamental to understanding both how room is made for the magmas and how unerupted and erupted magmas are connected. Dating plutonic rocks suggests that plutons accumulate slowly.
Although the pace of magma accumulation does not preclude direct connections between plutons and small volcanic eruptions, it appears to be far too slow to support connections between most plutons and supereruptions.
Links between these two realms are considered here using three Quaternary A rich history of experimental petrology has revealed the paths by which silicic igneous rocks follow mineral—melt equilibria during differentiation. Peraluminous magmas, formed by partial melting of sediments, largely owe their attributes and compositions to melting reactions in the protoliths, whereas most metaluminous felsic magmas record both continental and mantle inputs.
Peralkaline rhyolites are mainly derived from either protracted crystallization or small degrees of partial melting of basalt, with only a marginal crustal contribution. Crustal magmatic systems are giant heat engines, fed from below by pulses of hot magma, and depleted by loss of heat to their surroundings via conduction or convection. Heat loss drives crystallization and degassing, which change the physical state of the system from relatively low-viscosity, eruptible melt, to high-viscosity, immobile, partially molten rock.
We explore the temporal evolution of incrementally grown magmatic systems using numerical models of heat transfer. We speculate about what we can, and cannot, learn about magmatic systems from their volcanic output.
Geophysical observations provide constraints on the rates, volumes, and melt distributions in magmatic systems, but they suffer from limited resolution and inherent nonuniqueness.
Different, yet complementary, geophysical approaches must be combined with petrological, laboratory, and geochemical measurements. An important aspect of the film is the soundtrack, composed by Jan St. Werner, John Colpitts and Andrew Barker. Focusing on the sculpture at the center of the film, the work draws an analogy between its suspended shapes and musical notations. The formal affinity between the sculpture and a percussion instrument precipitated the composition of the soundtrack.
There is an intertwining of materiality and sound that functions as a subtle synaesthetic suggestion: percussion dominates with views of the spinning discs of Untitled, while a certain howling, whining sound coincides with details of metal scraps. Rosa Barba balances conceptualism with a distinctly personal vision in her work. She merges films, sculptures, installations, live-performances, text pieces, and publications that are grounded in the material and conceptual qualities of cinema.
She also creates installations and site-specific interventions to analyze the ways film articulates space, placing the work and the viewer in a new relationship. Questions of composition, physicality of form and plasticity play an important role in the perception of her work. She interrogates the industry of cinema with respect to various forms of staging.
This happens through shifting of gesture, genre, information and documents, that she takes often out of the context in which they are normally seen and reshapes and represents them anew. Gerolamo CS, Angyalossy V. Wood anatomy and conductivity in lianas, shrubs and trees of Bignoniaceae.
Evolution of a charismatic Neotropical clade: molecular phylogeny of Tabebuia s. Taxonomic revisions in the polyphyletic genus Tabebuia s. Sequence of the gene for the large subunit of ribulose 1,5-biphosphate carboxylase from the gymnosperm, Douglas fir.
Plant Molecular Biology — IAWA Committee IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bulletin Phylogeny of Lundia based on molecular and morphological characters. Taxon Fine tuning the circumscription of Fridericia Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae. Kluge AG. A concern for evidence, and a phylogenetic hypothesis of relationships among Epicrates Boidae, Serpentes.
Systematic Zoology Kraus JE, Arduin M. Journal of Systematics and Evolution Lohmann L. Untangling the phylogeny of neotropical lianas Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae. American Journal of Botany A new generic classification of tribe Bignonieae Bignoniaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden Mesquite: a modular system for evolutionary analysis. Version 2. Iridoides adicionales de la planta medicinal Astianthus viminalis y su actividad hipoglucemiante y antihiperglucemiante.
Phylogeny and biogeography of Tynanthus Miers Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 3s Gateway Computing Environment Workshop: Combining data in phylogenetic systematics: an empirical approach using three molecular data sets in the Solanaceae. Systematic Biology A molecular phylogeny and classification of Bignoniaceae. Olmstead RG. Phylogeny and biogeography in Solanaceae, Verbenaceae and Bignoniaceae: a comparison of continental and intercontinental diversification patterns.
Pace MR. Optimal preparation of tissue sections for light-microscopic analysis of phloem anatomy. In: Liesche J, ed. New York: Humana. Pace MR, Angyalossy V. Wood anatomy and evolution: a case study in the Bignoniaceae.
International Journal of Plant Sciences The rise and evolution of the cambial variant in Bignonieae Bignoniaceae. Evolution of disparity between the regular and variant phloem in Bignonieae Bignoniaceae. Wood anatomy of major Bignoniaceae clades. Plant Systematics and Evolution Secondary phloem diversity and evolution in Bignonieae Bignoniaceae.
Annals of Botany Phylogenetic relationships of enigmatic Sphingiphila Bignoniaceae based on molecular and wood anatomical data. Hypoglycemic activity of constituents from Astianthus viminalis and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
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